Introduction for Olanib 150 mg (Olaparib):

Olanib 150 mg tablets are a target therapy drug. It is used to treat ovarian, fallopian, and peritoneal cancer. In addition, it is used to treat breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. Olaparib, the generic name for olanib, is a strong PARP inhibitor.
Olanib 150 tablets block the activity of PARP enzymes. PARP stands for poly ADP-ribose polymerase enzymes, which are required for fundamental biological processes such as DNA transcription and repair. Olanib inhibits this enzyme, resulting in the accumulation of harmful DNA damage. Furthermore, Olanib 150 mg causes genetic instability and cell death. Furthermore, it promotes the creation of the PARP-DNA complex, which inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells.

Indications:

Breast Cancer: Olanib is indicated as a monotherapy for adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious germline BRCA-mutated (gBRCAm), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer who have previously received chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or metastatic setting. Patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer should have progressed or be deemed unsuitable for endocrine therapy. Before beginning Olanib medication, the presence of a germline BRCA mutation must be established.

Ovarian Cancer: Olanib is recomomended as a monotherapy for the maintenance treatment of adult patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed (PSR) high-grade epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who have responded (completely or partially) to platinum-based chemotherapy.

Therapeutic Class:

Targeted cancer therapy.

Pharmacloogy:

Olanib 150 (Olaparib) inhibits the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes, which include PARP1, PARP2, and PARP3. PARP enzymes play a role in proper cellular homeostasis by regulating the cell cycle, DNA transcription, and DNA repair. Olanib 150 (Olaparib)  has been found to limit the growth of specific tumor cell lines in vitro and to reduce tumor growth in mouse xenograft models of human cancer, both as a monotherapy and in combination with platinum treatment. In cell lines and mice tumor models with BRCA defects, olaparib therapy resulted in increased cytotoxicity and antitumor activity. In vitro investigations have revealed that olaparib-induced cytotoxicity may entail reduction of PARP enzymatic activity and increased creation of the PARP-DNA complex, which disrupts cellular homeostasis and causes cell death.

Dosage and Administration:

The recommended dose of Olanib 150 is 300 mg (two 150 mg tablets) taken twice day, for a total daily dose of 600 mg. Treatment should be continued until the underlying condition improves or the toxicity is unacceptable. Patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed (PSR) high-grade epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who have responded (complete or partial) to platinum-based chemotherapy should begin Olanib 150 treatment  8 weeks after completing the final dose of the platinum-containing regimen.

Interaction: 

Clinical investigations of Olanib 150 mg together with various anti-cancer medicines, especially DNA damaging agents, show that myelosuppressive toxicity is potentiated and prolonged. The proposed monotherapy dose of Olanib 150 mg is not appropriate for use with myelosuppressive anti-cancer drugs. Olanib 150 mg is primarily metabolized by CYP3A. Co-administered CYP3A inhibitors or inducers may raise or lower Olanib 150 mg plasma levels.

Side Effects of Olanib 150mg:

The most common vital adverse response was anemia (2.4% Olanib 150 mg vs 2.2% chemotherapy). The following vital ADRs were recorded in one patient each: allergic dermatitis, decreased neutrophil count, and decreased platelet count. The proportion of patients who permanently stopped taking Olanib 150 mg due to adverse events was 4.9% in the Olanib 150 mg arm versus 7.7% in the chemotherapy arm.

Pregnancy and lactation: Olanib 150 mg can cause fetal damage when provided to a pregnant woman, according to its mechanism of action and animal studies. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if a patient becomes pregnant while using this drug, inform the patient of the potential risk to the fetus and if olanib 150 is used during pregnancy, or if a patient becomes pregnant while taking it, warn the patient about the potential fetal hazard and the risk of pregnancy loss.

Breastfeeding Mothers: It is unclear whether Olanib 150 mg is excreted in human milk.

Overdose Effects: There is no specific treatment for Olanib overdose, and the signs of overdose are unknown. So in case of an olanib overdose, physicians should use general supportive measures and treat the symptoms accordingly.

Storage Conditions: Olanib 150 mg should be kept between 25°C and 30°C at room temperature. When a medication is no longer needed or has expired, dispose of it safely. Protect from sunlight and humidity. Keep Olanib 150 mg and all medicines out of the reach of children.

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